java basics @ mlab, 15-19 Nov 1999, juhuu@katastro.fi



 the (very) small unix guide


 ls

	lists all the files in the current directory


 ls  directory_name

	lists all the files in the directory


 ls  directory_name  |  less

	if the listing doesn't fit to the screen, use
	less. space - next page, p - previous page.


 ls  -la

	list all the files. normally the files starting
	with . are hidden. this also displays the sizes
	of the files, permissions, dates etc.




 cd

	change the location to the home directory


 cd  ..

	go up one level in the directory hierarchy


 cd  directory_name

	change the location to directory directory_name




 mkdir  directory_name

	create a directory




 chmod  a+rx  filename

	change the permissions of the file. everyone has
	permissions to read and execute (to view them
	in a browser)


 chmod  -R  a+rx  dir_name

	change the permissions of the directory, and all the
 	files and directories under it. 




 cp  source_file  destination_file

	create a copy of a file


 cp  source_file  destination_dir/

	create a copy of a file with same name but in a different
	location


 cp  source_dir/source_file  destination_dir/destination_filename

	create a copy of a file with a different name in a different
	location


 cp  -R  source_dir  destination_dir

	create a copy of a directory tree with a new name




 rm  filename

	remove (delete) a file


 rm  -Rf  directory_name

	remove a directory with all it's contents (be careful!)